The 5 Factors of Credit Scoring
May 18th, 2009
There are five factors that comprise the credit score. They are listed below
in order of importance, just as an underwriter would look at the score:
* Payment History: 35% impact. Paying debt on time and in full has a
positive impact. Late payments, judgments and charge-offs have a negative
impact. Missing a high payment has a more severe impact than missing a low
payment. Delinquencies that have occurred in the last two years carry more
weight than older items.
* Outstanding Credit Balances: 30% impact. This factor marks the ratio
between the outstanding balance and available credit. Ideally, the consumer
should make an effort to keep balances as close to zero as possible, and
definitely below 30% of the available credit limit when trying to purchase a
home.
* Credit History: 15% impact. This marks the length of time since a
particular credit line was established. A seasoned borrower is stronger in
this area.
* Type of Credit: 10% impact. A mix of auto loans, credit cards, and
mortgages is more positive than a concentration of debt from credit cards
only.
* Inquiries: 10% impact. This quantifies the number of inquiries that
have been made on a consumer’s credit history within a six-month period.
Each hard inquiry can cost from 2 to 50 points on a credit score, but the
maximum number of inquiries that will reduce the score is 10. In other
words, 11 or more inquiries in a six-month period will have no further
impact on the borrower’s credit score.